Saturday, August 31, 2019

A Comparison Between Dulce Et Decorum Est and Pro Patria Essay

The First World War was the first truly modern war. Its atrocities and huge death toll changed people’s views of war drastically. Pro patria, by Owen Seaman and Dulce et Decorum est by Wilfred Owen are both war poems written around the time of the First World War, and as such share certain surface properties. However, the two poems differ hugely in their implicit meaning and intentions, giving the two poems many subtle differences between their texts. Both poems use metaphor. Seaman uses metaphor when mentioning the â€Å"brute sword† and soldiers using â€Å"storied ‘scutcheons†, a blaringly inaccurate image to conjure up the idea of chivalry and knights in shining armor, giving that the fighting would be fair and glorious, as opposed to the mass slaughter and unimaginable tortures spelled out in Owen’s Dulce et Decorum est. seaman also makes use of anthropomorphisation, making England out as some great, good but indistinct creature. He refers to England as a being of some sort, writing of it’s pleas for peace at â€Å"the nations bar†, stating that England needed to go to war to keep its honor. Owen uses metaphor to show the state of the soldiers in his poem, saying that the men were â€Å"drunk with fatigue†. The use of simile is more found only in his poem, when he talks about soldiers â€Å"bent double, like beggars under sacks† and â€Å"coughing like hags†. The u se of simile as opposed to metaphor adds to the realness of the poem. Both war poems have religious undertones. The use of Latin in both texts aids this, mimicking the Latin masses of the Catholic Church. Seaman says that those left at home whilst their sons go to war must be â€Å"strong in faith and in prayer† and that they should â€Å"ask what offering we may consecrate†, suggesting to the people back home to turn to their faith for comfort, and to be willing to give up the luxuries of a quiet life for the greater good. Dolce et Decorum est, on the other hand, uses the idea of the devil’s face to describe the expression of a gas victim: â€Å"His hanging face, like a Devil’s sick of sin† The comparison also describes the world weariness of the soldier, what atrocities must a devil be to be sick of sin? Both poems are trying to affect the public’s views on the war. Pro Patria is essentially a propaganda poem, an invention used to great effect during the Boer war and revived at the advent of the First World War. The poems early references to honor and duty are to provoke young men into singing up for the army, fabricating images of glorious victory in their minds, and carefully avoiding the nitty gritty mechanics of it, the living in squalid trenches and the likelihood of death. The later sections of the poem are addressed to the parents of the â€Å"warrior sons† urging them to keep a stiff upper lip, or as he puts it â€Å"to hush all vulgar clamor of the street†. The reason for this is that if every time a mother received a letter from the M.O.D telling her that her son was dead she were to rush out into the street screaming â€Å"OH MY GOD, MY POOR HARRY! HE’S GONE!† other mothers and fathers would have reservations about sending their sons off to war. Therefore the silence of bereaved parents of â€Å"worrier sons† went some way to helping the recruiting sergeant’s job. Dulce et Decorum est is the perfect opposite of the propaganda that is Pro Patria. Whiles Pro Patria uses misleading metaphors Dulce et Decorum est attempts to create the realities of war. Where Pro Patria attempts to glorify war and depict it as honorable, Dulce et Decorum est shows the dirt grime and suffering that went on at the front line. The impassiveness of the soldiers to the gruesome death of the gas victims as they fling him in the cart (the use of the word â€Å"flung† emphasizing the fact that this was not unusual and that it had happened before), the description of the soldiers as â€Å"beggars† shows a stark contrast to Seaman’s proud and noble warrior sons. In structure the poems are quite similar, Dulce et Decorum est seeming to be almost a parody of the older Pro Patria. Indeed when read line by line alternately from different poems, the poems seem to compliment each other: â€Å"England in this great fight to which you go, Bent double like old beggars under sacks†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Also, the last stanzas of both poems use very similar rhyme patterns. Pro Patria’s penultimate lines rhyme best with test, and Dulce et Decorum est rhymes zest with est in the same lines (in relation to the end). Both poems encapsulate their message in the last lines, the finishing pleas of Seamen for parents to send their sons to war, and the solemn Latin verse of Dulce et Decorum est warning people not to indulge in jingoism: â€Å"My friend you would not tell with such high zest, To children†¦, the old lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori (How sweet and fitting it is to die for your country) Both poems are from around the time of the First World War, Pro Patria was written just before the outbreak, written during the conflict. I believe that the stance taken by the authors stems from their experience of the war and the time at which they were written. Seaman did not and could not know what was to happen in the Great War, as it was yet to happen when he wrote the poem. Owen, on the other hand, had been at the front line, and had seen what he was writing about, and felt a need to tell others what he had seen, as opposed to Seaman who was writing for the government.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Clean, Well-Lighted Place tone and style

Hemingway has a distinct writing style in a sense that he chooses his words carefully. He is economic in his word choice, so readers must take into consideration the adjectives and adverbs he uses, as he deploys them rarely. His style is simple and laconic, yet effective. Through his use of simple words and short sentences, he delivers the message powerfully and point on rather than employing descriptive, flowery language (as what his Victorian predecessors used).He is also said to be the aster of dialogue, using this mode to characterize and narrate most of the story, as was evident in â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place†. Aside from the style and dialogue, another thing to take note about the story is that his tone is dispassionate and unemotional. The writer himself does not even comment on or Judge his characters at all. In the line â€Å"†You should have killed yourself last week,† he [the waiter] said to the deaf man. Hemingway did not add any additional adject ives or adverbs for momentary like for example instead of writing, â€Å"he said harshly' or â€Å"he said cruelly he Just used a simple â€Å"he said†. The tone also adds to the theme of facing nothingness with dignity. The narrator is talking about oblivion in a detached, apathetic way which gives the reader the Impression that the nothingness affects the waiter enough for him to mention it, but his tone suggests he is bold enough to face the issue in dignified, dismissive way; I. E. After all, he said to himself, It's probably only insomnia.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

How Does Internet Marketing Communication Differ?

1) How does internet marketing communication differ from traditional marketing communication? Internet marketing differs significantly from conventional marketing communications because of the digital medium used for communications. The internet and other digital media such as digital television and mobile phones enable new forms of interaction and new models for information exchange. A useful summary of the difference between theses new media and traditional media has been developed by McDonalds and Wilson they describe the 6 I’s of the e-marketing mix.The 6 I’s are useful since they highlight factors that apply to practical aspects of the internet marketing such as personalization direct response and marketing research but also strategic issues of industry restructuring and integrated channels communications. (Imran RT, 2010) * Interactivity (from push to pull) * Intelligence (market research) * Individualization (mass customization & personalization) * Integration (i nbound & outbound communications) * Industry restructuring (intermediation, disintermediation) * Independence of location (global ubiquity)Interactive marketing promotes a two way communication as compared to traditional marketing, which is usually ruled by one way communication. The difference between interactive marketing and traditional marketing are Push and pull marketing strategy. Traditional marketing strategies were based on a â€Å"push† methodology where managers were literally pushing the products onto the customers. (www. ctsocialmediaconsultant. com). Difference between internet marketing, particularly the Internet, is predominantly a ‘pull’ technology, the customer having initiated the visit to the web site.This may lead to subsequent push activities, such as sending e-mails to people who have registered their interest on the site, but the initial communication is a pull event. (www2. accaglobal. com) Interactivity is a significant feature of the ne w media, allowing a long-term dialogue to develop between the customer and the supplier. In the context of the web site, this is likely to be through e-mails, providing the customer with information and special offers for their areas of specific interest.To initiate this dialogue the web site must capture information such as e-mail address, name, age, gender and areas of interest. Example of AEC company site only collects such information for people who wish to view downloadable study material. This is too restrictive and it will probably exclude all the potential CPD customers. AEC needs to consider ways of making it easier and worthwhile for visitors to the site to register their details. There is no evidence of AEC contemplating the potential use of interactive digital TV or mobile phones to establish long-term dialogues with their customers. www2. accaglobal. com) Intelligence has also been a key feature of the internet marketing, allowing the relatively cheap collection of mark eting research data about customers’ requirements. This is routinely available from web logs and these logs need to be viewed and analyzed using appropriate software. This type of analysis is rarely available in the traditional marketing. For example, AEC does not know how often their training course catalogue is accessed and which pages are looked at. It only knows which training courses are eventually bought.With the internet marketing the company is able to see which services and products are accessed and also to measure how many of these are turned into actual sales. This conversion rate may be an important source of information. For example, why are certain web pages often visited but few sales result is it a problem with the web page? Is it a problem with the product? An understanding of visit patterns allows the organization to focus on particular products and services. This analysis should already be available to AEC but there is no evidence that it uses it or is even aware of it. www2. accaglobal. com) Internet marketing also permits the marketing to be individualized, geared to a particular market segment, company or individual person. In the context of AEC this individualization could be achieved in at least two ways to reflect clear market segmentation. AEC has recently won a contract to supply professional accountancy training to a global accounting company. All students working for this company will now be trained by AEC in one of its worldwide centers. At present this company and its students will be served hrough a generic web site. However, the flexibility of the new media means that a site could be developed specifically for this requirement. The whole site would be geared, and branded, towards the requirements of the global 21 accounting company. Information that is irrelevant to that customer, such as CPD, would not appear on the site. This individualized approach should strengthen the relationship with the customer. Similarly, indiv iduals may have their own access customized as a result of the profile that they have entered.So, for example, if they have already stated that they are currently sitting the professional stage of an examination scheme then only information relevant to that stage will be presented to them when they log in. This is an example of the principle of mass customization that was only available in a limited form in the traditional media. AEC does not exploit this at present, but uses a generic web site that looks and feels the same, whoever the user is. (www2. accaglobal. com) Finally, internet marketing provides independence of location allowing the company to move into geographical areas that would have been unreachable before.The Internet effectively provides a worldwide market that is open 24 hours per day, seven days per week. It is difficult to think of any traditional marketing which would have permitted this global reach so cheaply. Furthermore, the web site might also omit the actu al physical location of the company because there is no requirement for information to be physically sent to an address. It should also be impossible for the potential customer to gauge the size of the supplying company. AEC has exploited this to some extent as it serves a world-wide market from no clear geographical centre.However, the absence of on-line course booking means that certain physical contact details have to be provided and these might undermine the global perspective. (www2. accaglobal. com) Online marketing integrates creative and technical aspects of the internet. One can put his presence online with interactivity having proper attention to their services and products. Online marketing is not just ‘having a website' or ‘building a website' or ‘promoting a website'. Online marketing is different from off-line marketing, following characteristics differentiate them:One-to-one versus one-to-many One-to-one versus one-to-many approach, the targeted user is typically browsing the Internet on their own, and the marketing messages reach them personally. This can be very clearly seen in search marketing, where the users find advertisements targeted to specific keywords that the users asked for (www. homeimprovementsmarketing. com). In Traditional marketing, the medium allows for only one way communication. The same marketing content is used for suppliers as well as customers mostly.On the other hand when the medium is internet, the model allows for many to many marketing communications. When internet is used as a medium, the customers and companies can interact with the medium directly as well as the other customers and companies. The customers can further add to the medium and be a part of the marketing. The communication using such a model is not just from sender to receiver but in all possible directions. Traditional push communications are one-to-many, from one company to many customers, often the same message to different segment and often poorly targeted.With digital media one-to-same reaching a niche or micro-segment becomes more practical e-marketers can afford to tailor and target their message to different segment through providing different site content or e-mail for different audiences through mass customization and personalization. Potentially digital media provide a one-to-many communication from company to customer rather than one-to-many communication from company to customer that is traditional in marketing using the mass media, such as newspapers or television. (Chaffey, Johnston page 351) Customers can compare onlineInternet marketing allows businesses as well as the customers to co create a highly effective network worldwide, and dramatically increase the client trafficking. Compared traditional marketing communication, the Internet marketing makes it easier for buyers to compare two items side-by-side (online-business-journey. com). Before making a purchase, today’s customers can get complete the detailed of product information, the products information are very details stated on the web as compared to the retail store, the salesperson will not remember all the details about the products.It is easy for the customers to have the information on the internet. They do not need to go to the store just for searching for the product details. Inventory is the level of stocks, this is for the customers who just want to view the product, and they will not buy instantly. For the order status which means â€Å"active orders† are orders which you paid for, whether still in processing or previously sent out (support. chinavasion. com). This facility cannot be offered in offline marketing because in offline marketing the buyer would have to go to the shop and buy the things physically.Online marketing saves unnecessary transport expenses and saves time too. (www. dwsmg. com) Get the feedback of your target market in a snap Another communication of internet marketing is that you can get the feedback of your target market in a snap. They can comment and ask questions about your post real quick. That way, you can communicate with your customers faster and the sooner that you convince them to purchase the product or service that you are promoting, the better. What is amazing about internet marketing is that it can be very interactive.When you air a commercial, you need to conduct a survey to find out what your audience has to say about it. Online, it is so much simpler because you can skip the survey procedure and still get an honest feedback anyway. Never underestimate the marketing power of word of mouth. Traditionally, it was said to be even more effective than actually launching an advertisement. That is because people would rather hear a recommendation from a friend or someone who has used the product rather than an advertiser. www. techie-buzz. com) Demographics targeting versus behavioral targeting Off-line marketers typically segment their mar kets according to age group, sex, geography, and other general factors. Online marketers have the luxury of targeting by activity. This is a deeper form of targeting, since the advertiser knows that the target audience is people who do a certain activity instead of just expecting that a certain group of people will like their new product or service (www. homeimprovementsmarketing. com).The  internal  characteristics  of  the  internet  marketing  makes  it  very  different  from traditional marketing , for an example  the  information can be transferred easily, it can be addressed directly, constant availability, integration, flexibility, individuality, interactivity, all these factors that are inherent for internet marketing can be used by companies to shape customer relationships When the traditional marketing tools are used the flow of information is not easy and the customer as well as the companies have to follow some proper channels.Consistency, valid ity and access to information are necessary in marketing which the traditional marketing channel often lacks (Sundas48, 2011) Since exposure, response and overall efficiency of Internet media is easy to track compared to traditional â€Å"off-line† media, through the use of web analytics for instance, Internet marketing can offer a greater sense of accountability for advertisers. Marketers and their clients are becoming aware of the need to measure the collaborative effects of marketing References Chaffey, Johnston, 2006.Internet marketing strategy, implementation and pratice 3th edition, Prentice Hall Difference Between Online and Offline Marketing, (2008), Available from: http://www. dwsmg. com/difference-between-online-and-offline-marketing. html [Accessed on 27 June 2011] Is  Online Marketing More  Effective  for  Organizations  Today  (page 22) by Sundas48, (2011) Available from: http://www. scribd. com/doc/54220673/18/Communication [Accessed on 27 June 2011] Professional Level – Essentials Module, Paper P3, (2008) Business Analysis Available from: http://www2. ccaglobal. com/pubs/students/acca/exams/p3/past_papers/p3_2008_jun_a. pdf (page 21) [Accessed on 27 June 2011] How does internet marketing communication differ from traditional marketing communication? By Imran, (2011), Available from: http://revolutionary-technologies. com/blog/web-marketing/how-does-internet-marketing-communication-differ-from-traditional-marketing-communication/ [Accessed on 23 June 2011] Internet Marketing, (2008), Available from: http://homeimprovementsmarketing. com/Internet-Marketing. tm [Accessed on 27 June 2011] Advantages And Disadvantages Of Shopping Online, (2011), Available from: http://online-business-journey. com/blog/internet/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-shopping-online/ [Accessed on 23June 2011] The Advantages of Internet Marketing Over Traditional Marketing by Guest, (2011), Available from: http://techie-buzz. com/discussions/internet- marketing-vs-tv-radio. html [Accessed on 21 June 2011] How is Interactive marketing Different from Traditional marketing? 2011), Available from: http://www. ctsocialmediaconsultant. com/ct-social-media-marketing/how-is-interactive-marketing-different-from-traditional-marketing [Accessed on 24 June 2011] What Does My Order Status Mean, (2010), Available from: http://support. chinavasion. com/index. php? _m=knowledgebase&_a=viewarticle&kbarticleid=127[Accessed on 19 June 2011] Is  Online Marketing More  Effective  for  Organizations  Today  (page 22) by Sundas48, (2011) http://www. scribd. com/doc/54220673/18/Communication

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Macroeconomics - international trade Term Paper

Macroeconomics - international trade - Term Paper Example The paper will then talk about some protectionism and why should be some government interference in trade. I then talk about how the terms of trade (TOT) of a country are affected by the price of exports and imports and finally the paper ends with an explanation on the impact of exchange rates on a country’s trade in the international arena. International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services that occurs across international boundaries that is between two or more countries (Grant 452). Countries that are involved in international trade are known as open economies while those that do not engage in it are called autarky or a closed economy. International trade differs from domestic or internal trade that takes place within the country. Restrictions are usually imposed by regulating authorities, international organizations and governments on the imports (foreign goods coming into a country) and exports (local goods supplied abroad). Communication can also be a problem in international trade however due to the advancements in technology and as a result of globalization this problem has been solved to a great extent. There are also high transport costs involved as products often need to be transported from one part of the world to another. In order to buy a foreign good one must have the foreign country’s currency to buy that good. Although these assumptions are unrealistic however they need to be made in order to understand the two concepts more clearly. A country has an absolute advantage in production of a product when the country can produce more of the product than the other country by using the same amount of resources. In other words producing the same amount if the product by using lesser resources. Let us illustrate this through an example. Suppose that there are only two countries, A and B, in the world producing only two goods, cloth and wheat. They produce per unit of

Project Team Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Project Team Performance - Essay Example Furthermore, organizing the project team is one of the most important elements of project management. This engages not merely administering internal employees however as well managing some customer personnel and subcontractors allocated to the project team (Jong & Hartog, 2007). Crawford & Price (2000) state that flourishing business is based on the rapidly responding as well as adapting transformations in their business situation. In addition, the organizations are forced by the market to manage through projects. At the similar time, there is growing stress upon quality (Crawford & Price, 1996). In the continuously changing and transforming business setting, an organization should be able to get best performance from the project teams. The main reason to stress this area is the importance of the project teams in all areas of the business and corporate structures. Thorough the continuous project team enhancement corporations could be able to make the overall project and business succ essful. This paper presents the literature review of project team performance. This paper will explore different researches about the team performance. Kim & Burton (2001) outlined that an organization is viewed as a an information processing system that is developed and structured to attain a definite set of business jobs as well as encompassing information processors like that sub-teams and individuals. However, the contingency theory states that the most excellent means to systematize a business or organization is dependent upon the diversity and uncertainty of the fundamental task being carried out through the organizational unit. Implementing the contingency theory to a corporate project team, one would suppose that, by means of low level of job uncertainty. A centralized project team would execute better for the reason that it is able to formulate

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Eco3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Eco3 - Assignment Example This  results  to  higher  flowing  cash  to  cater  for the  expenses  leading  to a  better  service  delivery. The  risk  of  writing  off debts in  plan  A is  unusually  high  which may  lead  to  losses. It is  also  clear  that in,  plan  B there is a  quicker  collection  of  Average  daily  patient  revenues. This  leads  to the  optimum  maximization  of  bills  paid  in by the  customers. In  plan  B,  there  is a  higher  level  of  strictness  on  credit  policies. This may  lead  to  lower  sales  revenue  in the  company  as  compared  to  plan  A. In  plan  B, the  aging  schedule  shows  that  payments  are  made  on  time  making  it  helpful  in  determining  the  cash  flow  in the  hospital. This is an  advantage  because the  management  makes  a  decision  on  cash  available  for their  plans  and budgets. In both  plans  A and  plan  B, at the  end  of the  first  quarter, the  accounts  receivable  are the  same, but the  payments  during the  months  vary  significantly. Zelman, W. N., McCue, M. J., & Glick, N. D. (2009).  Financial management of health care organizations an introduction to fundamental tools, concepts, and applications  (3rd ed.). San Francisco:

Monday, August 26, 2019

Political, Social and Economic Reasons for the Decline of the Western Essay

Political, Social and Economic Reasons for the Decline of the Western Roman Empire - Essay Example This essay presents a thorough analysis of possible political, social and economic factors, that could be considered as reasons to the decline of Western Roman Empire to different extent The political reasons surround the Barbarians, wars with Germanic tribes, growing power of Attila the Hun and the Hunnic Empire, and eventually the fall of the Western Roman Empire. In 15 AD the army of Garmanicus Caesar marched to Teutobergensis Saltus, The massacre had been performed by the joint coalition of German warriors. The Germanic groups spread all the way from Rhine in the west to River Vistula in the east and from Danube in the north to the Baltic seas in the south In AD 450, Attila threatened the empire and started preparing for an attack on Gaul and later invaded it. An alliance was made between the Romans and the Goths and in the Battle of Chalons, Attila is forced to retreat. In AD 452 Attila finally invaded Italy, where he laid the foundations of the republic of Venice. With the victory of Attila in Italy, the power of the Western Roman Empire weakened. The long tension over the Rhine-Danube frontier contributed a significant amount to its failure. The social reasons for the decline of the Western Roman Empire are often given as declining population, diseases, succession of emperors. Diseases had been a major problem for all empires and the Roman Empire surely suffered as diseases and plagues started spreading . Another reason is that of the people in empire being poisoned by the water that was carried through lead pipes. The succession of emperors has indeed played the most important part in the decline. The first Roman emperor had established that the emperor will designate the next emperor and based on approval by the senate, the emperor will take the thrown. This rule was followed for only the first few emperors and

Sunday, August 25, 2019

Nursing paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nursing paper - Essay Example Unfortunately, such fundamental practices are often forgotten by the management and in turn affect the morale of the nurses. For example, in my first job as a nurse I witness and experienced low morale among the nursing staff. I had just joined a nursing home and was working in a busy medical oncology floor. Being my first job, I was happy, confident, motivated and enthusiastic to learn. However, the other staff members were not feeling the same because shortly before I arrived there were many changes made to the unit that they were not pleased with. They had lost some nurses in the transition and the situation had not improved yet. The problem continued after my arrival and more nurses especially experienced ones left leaving the new recruits. This led to short-staffing and overworking which in turn reduced even the morale of the new nurses. Many nurses became frustrated, tired and demoralized. The staff complained of the condition to the management but there complaints were not hea rd or at least nothing was done about them. The condition deteriorated and more nurses quit their jobs citing low morale as the cause of their leaving. The condition in the nursing home was highly blamed on the management. The management did not consult the nurses when they were making the changes in the unit.

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Personal Leadership Philosophy and Practice Paper Thesis

Personal Leadership Philosophy and Practice Paper - Thesis Example What is leadership? Leadership can be broadly defined as unique approach of individuals or leaders who can bring about changes in other people. It is an integral part of human behaviour as it is linked to followers. Kouzes and Posner (2007) assert that leaders’ approach to tackling issues or promoting a cause is major factor that makes them popular amongst the followers. It becomes highly pertinent within the organizations as it helps to meet the challenges of work paradigms and inspires others to achieve a common goal. Leadership styles Chandler (1977) has explored the issues with reference to individual approach and says that strategies of managerial leadership become their major motivating factor for their success within the organizations. I believe that three major styles of leadership are popular within organizations: Transformational; situational; and participative. James Burns (1978) states that transforming leadership is based on a relationship of mutual inspiration an d elevation that converts followers into leaders and may convert leaders into moral agents. The political leaders are often endowed with traits of transformational leaders who take up social causes as major agenda to transform them into staunch followers. Situational leaders exploit situations to enhance performance. Sjostrand and Tyrstrup (2001) believe that managerial leadership is relational ongoing social construction which adapts to the changing equations. This is very important in the contemporary environment of fast changing technology and globalization. Such types of leaders are able to convince others to adopt changes and take them as opportunities for improving productive outcome. Participative leadership takes into consideration the views of others and promotes collectives decision making based on informed choice for common goals. Tannenbaum & Schmidt (1973) emphasize that organizational leaders increasingly prefer participative leadership as they can use effective commun ication to share organizational vision, mission and goals with the workforce. Leadership traits Leadership qualities and traits encourage participation of the workforce in the overall strategy of having collective goals through shared learning. Many scholars have conducted studies to find the traits and behaviour and leadership style that has transformed common man into effective leaders (Stogdill 1974; Yukl 2002). Few of the important traits that a leader must inculcate are: good communication; vision; adaptability towards change; positive attitude and commitment; creativity, initiative and belief; integrity and ethics; compassion and caring nature. Effective communication is one of the most crucial traits of the leaders which is used to disseminate information and inculcate a sense of responsibility amongst the various stakeholders of the organization. Visionary leaders empower their followers so that they can make decisions based on informed choices. It facilitates in adapting to the changes which occur due to transforming technologies and values and significantly impact organizational processes. Indeed, effective leadership influences cultural identity and helps adapt to the changing environment. The organizational le

Friday, August 23, 2019

Jazz & Rock in the Soviet Block Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Jazz & Rock in the Soviet Block - Essay Example They were seen as thugs and hooligans revolting and siding with the capitalist west. For instance, outward appearance was seen to be double oppositionist. This explains why sixties teenagers enjoyed the illusion of seeing themselves as revolutionaries by simply wearing blue jeans keeping long hair. A different paradoxical aspect is that rock movement during its promising phases stood at the heart of dynamic artistic amateur by embracing a wide activity range like acting, puppetry, ballet movement etc. thus integrating a few criticism elements which had been denied expression in other public life spheres (Anna Szemere, Some Institutional Aspects of Pop and Rock in Hungary, Pp 125). Rock and jazz verse structures  are known to influence individual actions within a common activity situation. This kind of musical progression focuses on both community and individuality. For the soviet youth it had no comparison. Rock music gradually evolved into essential freedom and self expression ing redient. It was viewed by its lovers as a political action companion rather than a being just a driver. This was especially because it unfolded from the west. Many rock ‘n’ roll musicians adhered to west anti war movement because of its rebelliousness appeal rather than political goals.  Rock music engendered opposing the authority, specifically when it was tied to rigid political ideologies restricting freedom of expression (Yuri Pelyushonok, Strings For a Beatle Bass, Pp. 8-17). Rock and jazz  played an important role in  subverting the Soviet Union political order. This unique genre of music undermined Soviet authority and humanized the West. It helped to alienate the young generation from oppressive political systems and sparked a revolution. It was achieved through use of... This essay mostly discusses on how the youth lost interest in the Soviet unshakeable ideals of communism. The Soviet youth no longer thought of English-speaking people as enemies. The essay describes how in the process of jazz and rock music development in the USSR the Communists had lost two young generations. The impact and power of music as a revolutionary act is a main focus of this essay, such change was incredible and remarkable in the Soviet Block. Even if some people were no rock or jazz fans due to political reasons, since the political system was against it, by merely having to listen to music was disobedience by itself. Active participation by extension made an individual an active agent working against the soviet regime. The researcher also mentiones that some of the dedicated writers and composers went to greater lengths of concealing their dissent and discusses impacts and effects of it. This was given a code name, ‘Rocking the Wall.’ Either way, the music reached its audience and the message was well received. Some songs would be indirectly talking about the west or the United States or sometimes capitalism. To the music fans this was coded message which was obviously ridiculing and criticizing the soviets and their communist ideologies. To conclude, the researcher sums up that the communist regimes inability curb, replace, eradicate, or assimilate rock music influence probably helped in ensuring that the population would one day turn against totalitarianism.

Thursday, August 22, 2019

As Good As It Gets Essay Example for Free

As Good As It Gets Essay Being a good person has to do with someone discovering themselves and his or her role in the world. Some people think that being a good person is as simple as not harming another, but it is not always about what someone does not do, but what they do for others. Character is what makes people believe that others are successful. Everyone must do his or her part everyday by living a life of integrity. Having good character is much more than what people think it is; others can see someone’s true character better than the person themself. Some examples of good character include being trustworthy, respectful, and responsible. First, being trustworthy plays a huge role of having good character. In other words, trustworthy means being able to be trusted by others. People have to learn to keep their word in order to be trustworthy. If someone says he or she will do something for another person, that person expects them to keep their word. Obviously, trustworthy means having trust. If someone is not honest or being truthful, it is hard to say that person has good character. Being honest is a huge key in being trustworthy and having good character. To many people, it is extremely difficult to be friends with someone he or she cannot trust. Having the courage to do what is right is also an example of trustworthiness. Being trustworthy shows that someone can be a good person and deep down they do care about others. In addition, having and showing respect is another example of having good character. Being respectful generally means showing others respect and being polite to others. People need to learn to respect one another and show they have good manners. Saying yes ma’am and no sir is a way of showing respect and good manners. Being respectful shows a great amount about a person. It shows how he or she treats others and how they were raised. Some people were raised without their parents teaching them how to be respectful. People should treat others the way that they want to be treated. No one wants to be treated badly, so they should not treat others that way. Also, listening to what others have to say is being respectful. It is extremely rude to not listen to someone while they are speaking. People should not j udge others before they get to know them; people never know what others have been through until they get to know them. Last, responsibility also is a huge part of having good character.

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

All Souls Essay Essay Example for Free

All Souls Essay Essay All Souls Essay In the memoir All Souls, by Michael Patrick MacDonald, one significant event that takes place were the busing movements, along with the riots that followed. During the 70s, when Michael was very young and in grade school, the Boston busing crisis began. The Boston government began busing kids to schools in different neighborhoods, in an attempt to desegregate schools. This caused mass outrage in many areas, especially Southie. Outside of Southie and the projects, society expected people accept these changes and to accept the desegregation. But in Michael’s community, everybody was against this, and took violent actions against it. By both his family and his community, Michael was expected to be against the busing movements. As it would turn out, Michael was also against it. He went as far as to throw rocks at the buses coming into his town. He described it as shameful if you did not partake at least a little bit in the violent acts. This example of the busing is a great example of how one’s mind is influenced by others. Here, Michael can be influenced by one of two sides; larger â€Å"outside† society telling him to accept the busing, or his family and small community telling him to deny it. I feel as if no matter who or what, one is much more influenced by the ones closest to them, whether it be a close family or a close community. Michael describes in the book that at many points, it feels like it’s Southie vs. the World. And no matter what, as another member of the Southie community, Michael will side with his home.

My Personal Culture

My Personal Culture Introduction The typical cave discovery tells us how people lived thousands of years ago. Likewise a familys personal history tells the story of the family but it also indirectly records society and how it affected them as individuals, as a family, and as a community. Many families take great care to safeguard their family stories and pass them down to future generations through recorded documents and oral history. This ensures that all future generations are aware of the struggles and hardships endured by their ancestors that shaped the early generations. Family history was most often recorded by those who had inherited their wealth or social status and others, who had inherited nothing, would often suppress their family history as a matter of shame. The Webb family boasts no family historian, genealogist, or biographer. Those that are aware of the facts have long passed and the few that remain can only reveal bits and pieces of fading memories. This paper is an attempt to piece together the mem ories, stories, and historical data of the time to tell the story of my family. Life in a company town With the construction of railroad lines in the first decades of the new century coal mining operations and coal towns began springing up almost overnight. To accommodate the influx of workers mine owners had to offer housing and other luxuries to the families migrating to the newly established communities (Buckley, 2004). The majority of Southwest Virginias mountain residents lived settled sparsely in hollows (â€Å"hollers†) between the hills, along creek beds, and on hillsides so many companies had to entice workers from outside the region to move their families into areas that appeared unlivable. This was easier for companies mining in the Appalachian fields since the area accounted for over 90% of the total amount of coal mined in the United States during the 1920s (Buckley, 2004). The early success of extracting ‘black diamonds would be short lived as the onset of such tragic events as World War I and the Great Depression subdued king coal. The early days of coal town living was never discussed amongst my family. My grandfather was born just one year after the fighting in World War I ceased and he lived to survive many other tragic events in American history but never recounted any tales outside living in a coal camp with his family. It is unclear where he was originally from as he never talked about his days growing up or his parents except to tell his fathers name in brief stories of glory days gone by. An interview with his youngest daughter did not shed any light on his mysterious past. She recalls growing up in the same small town in Southwest Virginia but she struggled to recount her experiences growing up in a mining community. My mother was not able to provide much more detail and only confirmed the information I had already attained. Historical fact paints a good picture of their experience and may help explain why family history was not more of a priority. It is unclear whether the family purposefully chose to conceal this time in history or not. The premise may have been to protect future generations from the dark days of struggle the family endured. Only those who have left this life know that answer and those of us who remain must speculate. The coal mining towns were typical of industrial towns in other parts of North America and Western Europe. The houses were usually identical, functional and of simple design. The mining towns were representative of frontier communities. Initially there were few amenities but as the towns grew conditions improved. Schools were opened in the mining towns soon after families arrived in the district. Hotels, a post office, retail businesses, banks, newspapers and churches and sometimes and opera house or theatre were features of all the major communities. Lodges were important in many communities and the members performed a variety of social and cultural functions in the towns (Buckley, 2004). The company store was not just the local grocery store. It was often the center of life in a coal mining town. Every town had one, and everyone shopped there. The company store was usually located near the railroad tracks in the town. Everything that a family might want or need could be bought in t he store, from food to clothing, from hardware supplies and the miners tools to furniture and appliances. My grandfather often compared the company store to our modern day mall and would describe his days of shopping after having received just over two dollars for a whole days work. I never remember hearing my family tell stories about hardship or struggle. In fact, I do not recall ever hearing my grandparents or parents talk about tragedy and triumph, good conquering evil, or good vs. bad. It is as though my entire ancestry had taken a vow of silence. There were no discussions around the dinner table, no meaningful conversations about future goals, and no retelling of early family experiences. Even my earliest memories capture only a glimpse of the events that shaped our familys values. Since the days of my great-grandfather all that seems to have been known was working and living in a coal town. This was considered such laborious work but it seemed to appeal to my ancestors. The code of silence not only encompassed family values but permeated every aspect of family life and living. There were never discussions about diversity of religion, gender, race, or nationality. Even the major events of the time did appear to strike the heart of our family. It is as thou gh they had shut off the world around them and relished in one anothers presence. My father was a stern man. He did not speak much but he had an aura about him that did not require him to. Working around the home was expected and long hours were customary. Dinner had to be prepared and ready to serve as he arrived home from work and the menu always consisted of the family staple: pinto beans and corn bread. Although never spoken we understood that we did not question our father. His rule was not a democracy and at times he ruled with an iron fist. As boys we were expected to do the ‘manly work around the home and our sister was expected to take care of the house and learn to cook. I believe education intimidated my father. He dropped out of school at 13 years of age and never returned. He struggled to read and write and may have compensated by entrenching himself in his trade. There was only one high school graduate in three generations of males in our family. Young men were expected to drop out of school, if necessary, and go to work in a coal mines. In the last 100 years there have only been two college graduates in our family and those experiences were not celebrated. Education was never criticized openly but neither was it lauded in the eyes and ears of the children. I never remember relationships being very important in our family. Affection was not shown openly and never discussed in the presence of children. Those who were married seemed to love one another but did not use words to express their fondness. It was simply understood that their devotion coexisted. This lack of communication carried over in all the relationships within the family. Sitting down to have a meaningful conversation was not something anyone considered doing. Somehow, as children, each of us knew that significant communication was not valued by our parents or grandparents. Parents simply had a way of looking at a child that communicated it was time to stop and toe the line or suffer the consequences. The consequences were most often administered by the males in the family and each of them had a difficult time maintaining control and would often discipline in ways that would be considered child abuse today. For example, I can remember my grandfather laughing while he was t elling the story of throwing large rocks at his boys after they had gotten into trouble. He was laughing as he remembered hitting them with the rocks. Spillover from company town experience My grandfather survived the Great Depression but I do not believe he was unscathed. He was a teenager at the time and forced to give up his childhood and enter the workforce at a very early age. He would tell stories of being 13 and working in coal using picks and donkeys pulling small cars in water up to his chest just to make enough money to help feed his family for the day. For as long as I can remember my grandfather was an alcoholic. He drank from the time he woke up in the morning until he fell asleep at night. I believe he wanted to avoid the scars from so many years of hard living. Unfortunately, each generation that followed mirrored his reluctance to talk about the issues that made life difficult. He had become complacent living in a coal town and his children had become content because it was the only life they knew. In a sense he served the family as he had been served by the company. Each of his children lived in homes that were similar and each of his boys worked long h ours in the coal mines starting around the age of 13. The girls stayed at home to help keep the house, tend the garden, and prepare meals for their brothers. I never remember our family talking about religion but it must have been important to our community because there are six churches in an area that is only 0.2 square miles (Bureu, 2000). Each hollow has its own small church with many of them still functioning today despite having a population of just over a thousand residents. Religion was a taboo subject although no one in the family ever forbade it. There was a sense that no subject was worthy of discussing openly as a family. This would fall in line with the ideology of our earliest remembered ancestor Andrew Webb. Church and the idea of God were not promoted nor denied amongst our family. The attitude resembled the same attitude of the character John Walton from the television series The Waltons. The men in our family were very good-natured and wise, but also fearless, ready to stand up to a challenge and tell it like it is. This personality sometimes causes him to get very brash, even towards his children and wife on occasion, a nd he can also get into the mindset of a workaholic when heavily stressed. They were somewhat non-religious although there were brief moments when God was acknowledged as Creator. The code of silence established by my ancestors runs deep in our family. The current generation does not communicate any differently than those before us. Most often the family can be found together in the midst of tragedy and then the visits are short lived. Family reunions have never been a priority. Although most of the family lives in the county communication is almost nonexistent. Even while gathering information for this paper I found it difficult to talk to relatives about our family history. We had never discussed such things and the idea of having to ask for information about our ancestral past was daunting. There are times I am very aware that my attitude and communication style, or lack thereof, closely mimics that of my ancestors. It is a daily struggle to do things differently and one that sees moments of victory and defeat. I work each day to better communicate with my children. It seemed much easier when they were younger children. As they get older it becomes more of a task for me to communicate because I do not have any experiences to compare it to. My father never talked to me and never allowed his children to see him cry. My children have seen their father show a range of emotions. This has not always been an easy task and one that takes thought on my part. I am careful to explain to them that emotions are a natural and healthy way to promote self care and are every part of being a man. I also explain that there are times when emotions are not appropriate and should be subdued until a more appropriate time to show them. This is something I can never remember my grandfather or father ever discussing. Their lack of doing has made raising children more difficult and stressful. The major difference in our home as compared to what I am aware of in my parents home and grandparents home is a willingness b y my wife and I to talk to our children when they have questions. When they are not asking questions we are. This keeps the lines of communication open and hopefully will instill in them a greater sense of family and increase their world view. Becoming a sensitive multicultural counselor At the age of 18 I enlisted in the United States Army. There was a passion in my heart to move beyond what I knew growing up. I knew there was more to the world around me than coal. My only experience with other cultures came from brief encounters in school and television. I was fortunate to have the opportunity to enlist and move outside the box that had been built by my great grandfather and propagated by those who would follow in his footsteps. A whole new world was opening up before me and my life has been enriched by the adventure. As I look back I am dumbfounded. My parents had never spoken of other cultures or about how we should interact with people of a different race, ethnicity, or sexual orientation. I often hear people use the term culture shock when being thrust into a different culture for the first time. This is something I did not experience after enlisting. I had never been around people of color, Mexicans, Latinos, or Puerto Ricans but I did not experience uneasines s in my new environment. There was something deep inside of me that made this new experience right. I cannot explain where it came from or who had instilled this inner strength in me but I believe it was this inner strength that made this major life transition successful. This is a strength I take with me into the counseling field. Through counseling I am able to once again experience a journey into a variety of different cultures. I believe I am also able to listen to others as they tell their story. I spent a lifetime listening but believe that through my experiences in the military my listening skills have been honed so that I can truly hear what people are saying. My experiences strengthen my belief that I am not judgmental towards those I counsel. I avoid reading client histories before a meeting because I do not want to make rash judgments about who the individual is. I have found that the individual is nothing I expected and only vaguely resembles what I read in documentation after our initial meeting . I do believe that another strength I bring to the counseling field is my willingness to learn from others. I do not see myself as being master of anything but a student of all things. One skill I took from my ancestors that increases my success in the counseling field is my work ethic. My work ethic may very well be the greatest tool passed down by my family but it also lends itself to great struggles and stress. I sometimes allow myself to be taken advantage of by others in order to complete a task. My basic belief is that we should prefer our brother in matters of life and success. This is not necessarily our biological brother but more a reference to the people around us. There are times when I am silent and should not be. The silence creates a wall between the client as well as co-workers. Accompanying the silence is an inner critical voice that is often harsh and unrelenting. This causes me to question interventions I use with clients and to doubt the skills I have gained through experience and education. I am also not readily accepting of my own heritage. I feel like I fight daily to prove to myself and the world that I am not following in the footsteps of those before me because I do not like where they have been. This could create a problem when working wit h families that have children rebelling against family norms. I might see myself being more sympathetic to a young person trying to come out from under a bleak ancestral tree. I might also be more tempted to be satisfied with surface problems and avoid digging deeper with clients and their families to get to the underlying issues. This would be placing a Band-Aid on their mental health problems and not facilitating solutions. Having brothers that followed in the footsteps of our ancestors made choosing a different path more difficult. To my knowledge I am the only male in our family to ever graduate from high school. Everyone else dropped out to work in the coal industry by the time they entered their freshman year and most before leaving elementary. This would make me the first male to enroll in college and the first member of our family, male or female, to graduate with a Masters Degree and the only member of our family working in a profession that requires licensure. Breaking away from the generational pattern has not been an easy task. I chose to stay in the same community that I grew up in and our family name is not prominent or known for contributions to better the community. An advantage is that I am very familiar with the culture of our area but I have also been privileged to experience a variety of different cultures and learn from them. I owe this success to my decision to enlist in the military just after finishing high school. This did not allow me time to settle for what was acceptable in the community and it challenged me to move outside my comfort zone. The reward has been an expanded world view. I have experienced other cultures that many in my community will only know from books and movies. As I write this paper I am reminded of the character Peter Petrelli from the television series Heroes. He is a dreamer that always believed he was meant for something more than the existence he knew. I too have believed that I was destined for something more than coal towns and mining. Innately, whether we voice it or not, as human beings we have a desire to make our lives matter, to count for something. And yet, while the desire is there, it can be very challenging to determine how to make a difference and feel content with our offering to humanity. Recruiting providers to the area is difficult and time consuming. Those who do decide to work in the area often choose to leave after only a short stay or they simply do not understand the culture. I am able to incorporate my experiences in other cultures with a complete understanding of the indigenous culture. With an increased knowledge ba se I am able to work at passing on to my children an increased understanding of other cultures while respecting the culture of their ancestors. This ensures a lasting legacy for future generations of our family that choose to live in this community. Conclusion At the age of 40 I am much like my father. I am a stern man and would prefer to be a man of few words. My wife of 17 years, my opposite, compliments me very well and is the main reason I do not rule my house with an iron fist like my father. We fit together like gears in a wheel. She does however prefer the more traditional roles for women and would much rather stay home to cook, clean, and take care of our two children than work. Next to my wife my two sons have had the greatest impact on my life. Seeing them born really reinforced my belief that we have to be responsible, hard working caretakers of a very precious treasure. I wanted them to see that education was important so I returned to college when I was well into my 30s. My wife and I want them to know that family is important so we do a lot of things together as a family. We talk to one another and to each of them daily because we want them to value communication within the family. Mather, Black, and Sanders (2007) wanted to dispel the mistaken belief that people from the Appalachian region had boxed themselves off from mainstream American culture. They point to stereotypes and fictional Appalachian tales â€Å"invented by local color writers† (Black, et.al.) as the source of confusion about the people living in the area. We work each day to ensure our children understand their culture but we also encourage them to be open to different cultural experiences so their lives will be richly rewarding. BIBLIOGRAPHY Black, D., Mather, M., Sanders, S. (2007). Standards of Living in Appalachia, 1960 to 2000. Washington: Populaton Reference Bureu. Buckley, G. (2004). History of Coal Mining in Appalachia. Encyclopedia of Energy , 1, 1-12. Bureu, U. C. (2000). U.S. Census Bureu American FactFinder. Retrieved July 30, 2009, from American FactFinder: factfinder.census.gov

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

The Strength of Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

Reading the Scarlet Letter reminds me of one of my own experience. When I was a fifth grade elementary student, two of my friends and I agreed to cheat on a geography test. On the day of the test, one of my friends was caught. The teacher found the cheat sheet where it showed the handwriting of the three of us. When he was asked who the other two is, he remained silent. The teacher said that he will be punished, standing in the corner of the classroom for one straight week, and it will be lighter if only he told our name. My friend still did not say a word, so he received the punishment. What he did was similar to what Hester Prynne does. In The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Hester Prynne is portrayed as a woman with remarkable strength of character through direct and indirect characterization. As a punishment for her crime of adultery, Hester must wear scarlet letter ?A? for the rest of her life. We can see her strength when she bravely faces humiliation on the scaffold. When Reverend Dimmesdale asks her about the identity of the child?s father, she remains silent, although she was told that her punishment might be lighter if she confesses (Hawthorne 62). One can see that she loves the person so much that she sacrifices her own freedom in exchange of the his. After trying to persuade Hester to talk with no success, Reverend Dimmesdale says ?Wondrous strength and generosity of a woman?s heart! She will not speak!? (63). Hester does show a wondrous generosity in this chapter. Even though she realizes that her punishment will be lighter, and she will have someone to share the punishment with, she still remains silent. One of the townsmen also admired her strength, saying how ?she does not speak, that the magistrates have laid their head in vain? (57). Hester does not speak a t all cost. We can see the strength of Hester?s character through the thoughts, words, actions, and what the other?s impressions on her. We can also see her characterization through the author?s direct statement. When she shows her face to the public for the first time she since she was punished, the author commented that the people who expect to see her ?dimmed and obscured by a disastrous cloud?, find her more gorgeous, graceful and ladylike than she have ever been instead (49).

Monday, August 19, 2019

Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet - Investigating Hamlets Sanity :: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

Shakespeare's Hamlet: Investigating Hamlet's Insanity Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's most famous plays, and hardest to perform. The reason it is so hard to perform is because of the main character Hamlet. Hamlet is an easily liked character that must revenge his father's death. He is forced to act insane in order to find out the truth of his father's death. Hamlet does an excellent job of acting insane, so good, in fact, that it is questioned if he was acting insane or if he actually was. Hamlet's madness is an important part in the play. It is an important role that recurs throughout the play. The question to his insanity lies in the reasons for his insanity. He is constantly betrayed throughout the play by everyone he loves and holds dear except for one person who sticks by him throughout his ordeal, Horatio. Hamlet first shows his passion and how upset he is by his father's death when his mother and the king enter the room and question him on his grief for his father. His mother mentions that his grief seems common. Hamlet replies: â€Å"Seems, madam! nay it is; I know not 'seems.' 'Tis not alone my inky cloak, good mother, Nor customary suits of solemn black, Nor windy suspiration of forced breath, No, nor the fruitful river in the eye, Nor the dejected 'havior of the visage, Together with all forms, moods, shapes of grief, That can denote me truly: these indeed seem, For they are actions that a man might play: But I have that within which passeth show; These but the trappings and the suits of woe.†(1.2) Here Hamlet shows his unstable mind. He is screaming at his mother telling her how his actions are honest and he is not pretending to grieve, but that he is truly saddened by his father's death. He has become offended by his mother's inference that Hamlet is not actually upset by his father's death.. She uses the term "Seems" which pushes Hamlet to this rage. Hamlet is so saddened by his father's death that he begins to think of suicide. "O, that this too too solid flesh would melt / Thaw and resolve itself into a dew!†(1.2.129-130). He is wishing that his flesh would melt away or â€Å"Or that the Everlasting had not fix'd / His canon 'gainst self- slaughter!†(131-132). He then reveals the first part to his madness: †But two months dead: nay, not so much, not two: / So excellent a king; that was, to this, / Hyperion to a satyr; so loving to my mother†(138-140).

Sunday, August 18, 2019

Moral and motivation report - Working with people in teams. Essay

Moral and motivation report - Working with people in teams. TERMS OF REFERENCE ================== I Amanda Robinson, Assistant Personnel Manager with James Watt Hotel, have been asked by the Personnel Manager to submit a report on the subject of Moral and Motivation within the organisation. This report is a result of problems that have been highlighted by a preliminary survey conducted by an independent body. Report to be submitted by 28 January 2003. PROCEDURE After studying the preliminary report I spent 2 weeks researching the problem of Moral and Motivation within the hotel. My research took the form of observations and face-to-face interviews. Also researched were the personnel records of staff within the hotel. My observations gave me insight into how staff interacted with each other, management and our customers. Face- to- face interviews randomly selected from various departments within the hotel gave me great insight into more detailed problems and grievances felt by a number of staff. My reasoning for researching personnel records was to collect information on indicators of low moral such as level of absenteeism, level of grievances, incidence of complaints and the high level of staff turnover. FINDINGS The following problems have been identified from the preliminary survey conducted by an independent body. * Staff believe they are overworked. * Staff believe pay is low. * Staff believe promotion prospects are poor. * Staff believe little/no training is given. * Staff believe they are not encouraged to air grievances. * Staff perceive a "them and us" attitude between them and management. * Staff believe communications are very formal. * Staff are concerned that they are not consulted when new investments/equipment is ordered. * An analysis of customer complaints suggests "unpleasant atmosphere" "miserable staff" and "poor service" throughout the hotel. The survey also revealed a wide cross-section of managerial styles. Some members of management were only concerned about getting work completed, with no regard to the welfare of employees, some were concerned with only the welfare of employees with no concern for the standard of work, and then a few were neither concerned for the employees or the standard of work. After spending 2 weeks conducting my own rese... ...peak at length. It helps employees to unload problems and it's believed that the employee benefits psychologically. Outside agencies should be used to give the interviews to eliminate interviewer bias. EXIT INTERVIEWS- This is given when an employee is leaving the organisation. This benefits the organisation as they receive a more honest reply as the leaving employees feels he can speak more easily. This can provide essential information on moral and motivation problems throughout the hotel. CONCLUSION Simply by making a few adjustment in our working procedures can have great impact on others. Simply by saying please and thank you can lift a person's spirits. At the end of the day the loser is the hotel, as customers just wont return. It is vital to remember that all changes must be on going and monitored to judge their effectiveness. Remember that a happy customer will tell only 3 people, whereas an unhappy customer will tell nine other people. For the continued success of this organisation we cannot ignore these problems. For clarity on any aspect of this report please do hesitate to contact myself, Amanda Robinson, Assistant Personnel Manager, ext 1888

Saturday, August 17, 2019

The Marketing of Art

The Marketing of Art Part 1: Target Market and Competition When determining a target market a marketer must first research their product and the consumers who purchase the product, then decide what type of consumer would the marketer prefer to attract to the product they are marketing (Guille, n. d. ). The product that was chosen for this class was Art. To determine our particular target market we must get to know our product. Britannica Encyclopedia defines art as, â€Å"the use of skill and imagination in the creation of aesthetic objects, environments, or experiences that can be shared with others† (Britannica Online, 2011). Choosing a target market in which to promote our product is quite a difficult task since art is not a commodity that is normally regulated. Although the demographics of individuals who buy art are categorized into five types: †¢Collector – this type buys art simply for the love of the piece that is purchased. †¢Investor – this type buys art in hopes of earning a profit. †¢Decorator – this type uses art as a way to fill and empty space. †¢Believer – this individual believes that the particular piece that is purchased has a significant meaning or story attached to it and buys art just for the love of art. Money burner – this type is an individual who buys art for a status symbol or because they can afford to do so. To find our target market we will digest the framework of art. Art is usually placed in a particular space for a long period of time and the purchaser will most likely own the home that the artwork is located in (Genn, 2 004). Art is not a cheap investment, in 2009 while the Lehman Brother’s was declaring bankruptcy, Sotheby’s made $200 million in London at an art auction, so our target market would have to be able to afford the pieces. Also to determine your target market a marketer needs to understand why a consumer purchases products or services. A consumer purchases a product or service for three main reasons; to satisfy a need, to solve a problem, or to make themselves feel good. The marketer must know the demographics of their area. In Tucson, Arizona the largest art purchasers are over the age of 50, the demographics of Tucson show that the 50+ populations makes up 22. 1% of the total population. Americans over the age of 50 own more homes and enjoy more then $900 billion in income as compared to the younger populations (U. S. Census Bureau, 2011). According to Business Week Magazine the 50+ generation or more likely to buy online products and 42% over the age of 65 have made online purchases. The senior generation is the most overlooked target market in the advertising sector, even though 41% of them purchase more products then any other target market category (Kaiser, n. d. ). The next step in marketing is to identify your competitor’s, and currently there are nine top art houses that operate online as well as international (ArtBusiness. com, n. d. ). Sotheby’s and Christie’s are among the most well known in the art world. The main advantage that these art houses have over James’ Art Showroom is the name. People recognize and trust these dealers since they have been in business for a long time and have a great reputation. Christie’s is still a privately owned company and therefore the financial information is unavailable. However, many art brokers have projected that 2011 will be a profitable year for the auction house. Sotheby’s is a publicly traded company and their financial information is available on their website for potential investor’s to read. In 2009 Sotheby’s show revenue of $484,958 and in 2010 of $774,309, this is an increase of 59. 7% (Sotheby’s, 2011). The expected revenue projections have Sotheby’s increasing the profit margin by at least 32. 7% in 2011 end of the year calculations. For James’ Art Showroom to exceed the consumer expectations, the company due to the fact that it is smaller it will be able to provide a more personal art buying experience as well as provide a chance for upcoming artist to acquire a name for himself or herself within the Art world. Part 2: Integrated Marketing Communication Plan The integrated marketing communication plan is a combination of all the company’s plans and goals combined into one format. The integrated marketing communications plan should contain the same theme throughout, such as if the business plans on producing an advertising theme then the theme should be the same for the website and any print advertisements. This is done as a way for your customers to link all the graphics and messages to the company in which you are marketing (ArtBusiness, n. . ). There are five major components in an integrated marketing communications plan: †¢Web site †¢Advertising †¢Marketing collateral †¢Online marketing †¢Trade shows/ Auctions The web site that was created for the promotion of James’ Art Showroom was simple but professional. It included contact information and links to Facebook and Twitter. The web site also gave information about the company and the reason the com pany was created. For advertising, the company would choose direct mailings to schools that are designated for artists. The company would also host regular fundraising events to introduce the local community to the artist that reside in the area. The company was started as a way to help unknown artist and art buyers connect, the company although hopes to earn a profit in the future was not started as a money generating business but merely as a vessel to help people who love creating art meet those who love purchasing and owning art. The message that the company would like to implore is a symbol of bringing individuals with common interest together. The online marketing plan is simply to get the message to the target market that the company exists. This can be done through the use of social media and e-mail list. The final step in creating an integrated marketing communication plan is to allow my customers a chance to participate in art auctions throughout the world by using my website as a connection. By working with the major auction houses, such as Sotheby’s my artist may be able to have some of their work viewed or even purchased by art dealers on the international level. Reference: ArtBusiness. com. (n. d. ). Domestic and International Art Market Sales Statistics. Retrieved on November 6, 2011, from http://www. artbusiness. com/marketdata. html Britannica Online. (2011). Retrieved on October 4, 2011, from http://www. britannica. com Genn, Robert. (2004). Art Buyers. Retrieved on October 23, 2011, from http://www. painterskeys. com/clickbacks/art-buyers. asp Guille, Marilyn. (n. d. ). How To Find And Sell To Your Target Market. Retrieved on October 23, 2011, from http://sbinfocanada. bout. com/cs/marketing/a/targetmarket. htm Kaiser, Frank. (n. d. ). Secrets Of Successfully Advertising To Seniors. Retrieved on October 23, 2011, from http://www. suddenlysenior. com/howtoadvertiseseniors. html Sotheby’s. (2011). Web site. Retrieved on November 6, 2011, from http://investor. shareholder. com/bid/index. cfm U. S. Census Bureau. (2011). Home page. Retrieved on November 6, 2011, from http://factfinder2. census. gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/searchresults. xhtml

Friday, August 16, 2019

Technology Today

Today’s technology is progressing faster than anyone has ever expected and is changing the way that we live our lives. Technology is helping us in some ways, but it is also hurting us in other ways. The biggest change that we are experiencing is the way that we communicate. We have many different ways to communicate with each other, especially compared to 20 years ago. We now have cell phones that can do just about anything and that make our daily lives much easier and help us to get things done in a more orderly fashion. The top three things changed communications are the texting, social networking, and the Smart phones. In my opinion the pro’s outweigh the con’s in the new ways of communication. It is not only a good way to keep in contact with friends and family, but it can help save lives in emergencies. Texting is becoming one of the most popular forms of communication. It is very convenient because it makes getting in contact with someone very simple and you don’t have to interrupt people while they are having conversations. You can see pictures and videos that your friends or family wanted you to see that they recorded, just by having them choose the picture and then having them send it to your phone, where you can then view the pictures or watch the video. Texting is very basic, when you want to talk to someone you use your phone key pad and you simply hit the letters on the keys to spell the word. Then you just continue from there to complete what message you need to send to that person. It takes time to really get good at texting, but once you get it your going to be hooked. Texting can be good in many ways and many parents like texting because it is one of the quickest ways to get a hold of one of their children. A lot of kids do not answer their phone for calls because they are in class or they are having a conversation and they do not want to be rude and interrupt the person that they are talking to, so they just ignore the call and often times forget to get back to whoever was calling them. If they would have texted them they would have gotten a text back within minutes depending upon what the question. It allows people to be polite and not have to answer calls when in a room of people that maybe trying to focus on studying or in a office. There are also times when you can’t make voice calls because you don’t have enough reception, but you have enough to send a text to one of your friends. This sometimes can be very important because let’s say you wreaked your car and you can’t get reception to make a call and you can use a text and alert someone that you need help. Some people feel less scared to contact someone if they can just text them and this sometimes can help kids who are afraid to talk to people to help them build self-esteem. Overall if we didn’t have text messaging we would be limited to a lot less options in order to get in contact with people that we need to contact. Social networking is a big part of the current generation and is being used by most kids to keep in contact with their friend and to provide people with the entertainment of seeing what others are doing and seeing what they are talking about with others. There are many different sites for social networking, the most popular are Facebook, MySpace, and twitter. Facebook is more popular amongst college students and Myspace is more toward the grade school students. Twitter is a different than the others because it allows you follow what people are doing and thinking about more than any of the other social networking sites. The people that are on twitter are usually posting what they are thinking about and what they are currently experiencing. They usually post a lot more stuff than on Facebook or Myspace. Twitter is very cool for the reason that you can follow famous people and see what it is that they are doing or thinking about. It helps people follow their favorite people and it helps them to better get to know what they go through in their daily life. Each social networking site offers something a little different, but they all offer some form of communication. Social networking is a great place to build social skills and self-esteem. Those who are not as forthcoming as others can build social skill and can help them in the future. There are a lot of people that are too shy to be able to make friends and then in the future they don’t have people skills and in most jobs these skill are very important to succeed. Social networking sites can also motivate people to do well because some people see that their friends are working hard to finish a paper and they realize that they are not the only person that has a paper to work on. Then they have more motivation to work harder. People can communicate with family and friends that they have not seen in a long time. There are many situations that would cause people to not have seen their friends and family and social networking helps them to keep in contact. It provides a lot of entertainment to those who don’t have anything to do. It familiarizes people with how to do basic html and how to upload photos to the internet. It teaches those who are not as good with computers as others to get to know how to do basic html and other basic programming. Social networking teaches people a lot of things, which can help people to better understand computers. Smart phones are the most powerful cell phones on the market and they basically make your phone into a computer because you can do a lot of stuff that your computer can do on a smart phone. They are very useful for being productive while being on the go. They make life a lot easier because while you’re out, you can conveniently check your email, check your facebook, and look up what you need to bring on a business trip. The most popular smart phone is the Iphone. It is the best smart phone that is currently on the market, and has set up a menu of great applications to really be ready for your day. The menu is very user friendly and is considered a â€Å"digital assistant†. These phones are very popular amongst business people because it is very helpful to get documents on the go. They are the most expensive of phones because of their advanced features. Smart phones are great because they have many features to help your productivity a lot. The smart phone has features that help people finish their work while they are not in reach of a computer. This is really good because it helps people with time management and it can help people become better at writing because they will have more time to correct their mistakes if they have not wasted time sitting around at an airport or while sitting on a bus. Smart phones can be educational because as many people do they spend a lot of time learning and asking questions on the internet about how to do things and why things work the way they do. People can keep in contact better with smart phones because there are so many different types of communications. They can help people to make friends because of the various forms of communications. These phones can help you save money because of the built in GPS features. If someone gets lost all they have to do is type in where they need to be and the phone will tell the person where they need to go. Then you won’t waste gas drive further out of your way. Smart phones are very helpful in many ways and are very educational to those who are looking for knowledge. Communication is changing in many ways and it is only enhancing our lives for the better. Communications are very important to our future. They hold the secret to many problems our country is suffering from. If we can use these great options, it could really advance how the world functions. The world is changing faster than ever and we should reap the benefits of it.

Thursday, August 15, 2019

Professional market research plan for Bounce Fitness Essay

Research on competition †¢Comparing consumer attitudes to an organisation †¢Services and those of competitors †¢Identifying frequency of use of competitors products and services †¢Identifying key competitors and their strengths †¢Measuring awareness Research on consumers †¢Developing detailed consumer profiles †¢Identifying changes in attitudes and behaviour patterns †¢Identifying existing , potential or lapsed consumers Research on place †¢Identifying attitudes towards location †¢Identifying cooperative opportunities for distribution of information or services †¢Identifying demand for products or services at other locations Research on pricing †¢Identifying attitude towards pricing †¢Identifying cost †¢Testing alternative pricing strategies †¢Research on products and services †¢Evaluating competitors products †¢Evaluating consumer attitudes towards presentation and packaging †¢Identifying potential new products or services or ones which may be at the end of their life cycle †¢Measuring attitudes towards existing products or services Research on promotion †¢Measuring advertising and promotion effectiveness †¢Testing alternative massages †¢Testing and comparing different media options Project 2 Implement, monitor and evaluate the market research plan for Bounce Fitness. A.Develop a detailed ,realistic implementation program †¢Includes an implementation strategy for the identification , selection , contracting and monitoring of all external consultants †¢Defines and communicates clearly all priorities, responsibilities, timelines and budgets, along with all personnel involved †¢Outlines all resources required, where and how they would be obtained, along with associated costs and conditions. †¢Incorporate contingencies for at risk areas †¢Includes a monitoring process to ensure the project sticks to budget and stays on course †¢Determines how you will measure your stakeholder satisfaction at the end of the project †¢Includes an evaluation process for final review of your project. Part B Conduct an information session for contractors †¢Instruction to your researchers in regards to their role and your expectations †¢Documentation and submission procedures †¢Communication strategies Part C Evaluate the research process and findings †¢Evaluate the usefulness of the findings in terms of relevance to initial objectives †¢Evaluate the marketing research methods used †¢Suggest any adjustment required as a result of the evaluations †¢Provide a modified research and implementation plan that reflects the adjustments you would make B 1.Statement of market research needs 2.Include research objectives 3.Include project scope 4.Identify the specific data required, including how it will be gathered , quantified and processed 5.Include estimates of time lines and castings 6.Include all required forms and recording instruments for each research method chosen

Vygotsky Learning Theory

Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky developed a learning theory for education based on one’s culture in the 1920s and 1930s. Even without a psychology background, he became fascinated by the subject. During his short life, he was influenced by the great social and political upheaval of the Marxist Revolution. After his death in 1934, his ideas were rejected by the U. S. S. R. and only resurfaced after the Cold War ended in 1991. Vygotsky’s theory has exceedingly influenced education in Russia and in other countries. Lev Vygotsky was born in Orsha, Western Russia, which is now Belarus in 1896.Vygotsky was born into a typical middle-class Jewish family and grew up in a predominantly Jewish town of Gomel, roughly four hundred miles from Moscow (Kouzlin, 1990). He studied and graduated law from the University of Moscow on a Jewish scholarship. After graduation, he prepared his first research project in the psychology field in 1925 with The Psychology of Art, which was not published un til the 1960s. Some time later, he became a psychologist working with Alexandar Luria and Alexei Leontiev (Gallagher, 1999). Lev Vygotsky’s socioculture theory begs to answer the question: What is culture and why is it important to a child’s learning.Dr. Diane Bukatko, psychology professor, says culture is â€Å"the many facets of the environment that humans have created and continue to produce. . . But even more importantly, culture includes language and the practices, values, and beliefs accumulated and communicated from one generation to the next† (Bukatko, 2004). Vygotsky’s theory places an emphasis on the learner’s culture. Vygotsky believed that the â€Å"child’s cognitive growth must be understood in the content of the culture in which he or she lives† (Bukatko, 2004).That is to say, he believed that a child is shaped by his or her own culture. Vygotsky believed that the social activity with â€Å"children, caregivers, peers, and tutors cultivate in them the particular skills and abilities their cultural group values† (Bukatko, 2004). This social activity is the backbone to his theory. Vygotsky had two main theories of cognitive development: the More Knowledgeable Other and the Zone of Proximal Development. The More Knowledgeable Other simply means that this is a person that has a higher understanding that the learner.This may be teacher to student or it can be student to student. Vygotsky’s other major theory, Zone of Proximal Development is the â€Å"span or disparity between what children are able to do without the assistance of others and what they are often able to accomplish by having someone more expect assist them at key points† (Bukatko, 2004). Vygotsky believed that the most effective instruction took place just slightly above the learner’s current ability. There was a study done in which children were asked which items of wooden furniture when into a doll house.Some children were allowed to play with their mother, the More Knowledgable Other, before they attempted it alone, while others were only allowed to do it by themselves. It was found that those who had previously worked with a More Knowledgable Other showed greatest improvement with their attempt than those who did not (McLeod, 2007). The most important of Vygotsky’s theories in regards to education is his Zone of Proximal Development. It gives the educator a scale defining what the learner is able to achieve with or without assistance and exactly at what level he or she can attain.Based on his ZPD, Vygotsky believed that play is a â€Å"vehicle for a child behaving more maturely than at other times† and in play â€Å"children can work at the top of their Zone of Proximal Development† (Vygotsky, 1978). Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development shows what a child can learn with assistance. This can be a great tool in the teacher’s proverbial toolbox. His t heories also gives a great understanding in children learning from each other and from the teacher based on the More Knowledgeable Other and sociocultural understanding.Language and thought is sometimes believed to develop together. A child knows what a cat is before he can actually say the word. If the parent asks the child where the cat is, the child is able to point and correctly label the cat (assuming they have a cat as a pet, of course). This is directly in opposition to his idea that the child must know the spoken word â€Å"cat† before the child learns the concept. Vygotsky also believed that one’s culture is the defining growth characteristic in language and development. However, his theory states little on biological factors.

Wednesday, August 14, 2019

Classroom Observation Essay

The opportunity that was given for our class to visit Ozark Elementary was so great. Being able to see how other surrounding districts conduct their business is such great insight. I have been to three other schools in the past. Each time that I visited a new school, I would pick up something new to stick in my tool belt to use in my own classroom one day. Having seen a variety of classrooms during my visit at Ozark Elementary was very beneficial to me. Each teacher conducted themselves in a different but professional ways. Their teaching styles were different, their classroom setups were different and so were many other things. One thing that all the teachers had in common was they were all working towards being a strong support system for their students by guiding them on their journeys to becoming proficient readers and writers. During my visit I was paying close awareness to how the classrooms were arranged. None of the classrooms that I was able to observe in was messy or cluttered. The classrooms felt homey and welcoming. Some rooms had the desks in rows, some in groups and a few classes had their desks in a â€Å"U† shape. I really like how organized the rooms really were, it makes for a better learning climate in the classroom. The main classroom that I was in had only a few anchor charts up on the walls. When it was time for me to observe a whole group mini lesson I noticed the anchor chart that connected with the spelling lesson. Along with a few educational anchor charts on the walls, this teacher had a huge bulletin board dedicated strictly about the different corners in her classroom. The students were able to use this board to direct them to where they need to be. The board had a picture of each corner that was in the room for the children to use. I did not get to witness the whole group lesson in this class but I did come in during the guided reading time. When it became the time to split up during guided reading the students were able to come look up at the board and figure out which area they needed to be in by finding where their name was on the board. Each corner also was labeled by color. The color card that was next to the child’s name was the area that they were to be in until the bell rang. During the time that the students had in their corners, the teacher was working with a small group of about 5 for their guided reading time. She was evaluating the students as they read through their books that she picked out for them. As they were reading she was writing down notes about each child. I thought it was so neat to see that time play out. The students were all mostly on task. They knew what they were supposed to be working on and that she was off limits so that way she could direct her attention better towards the students in small group. Much differentiation took place in these corners that the students were in. She had areas that appeased those auditory learners, kinesthetic, and visual learners. Throughout the areas in the class the children were able to learn the way that they feel most confident about. The auditory learners were able to listen to a book on a CD and follow along in the book. Kinesthetic students were able to get their hands on words to make sentences. The visual learners were able to use the smart board to do activities that helped them learn a concept better. I could tell that she had spent a lot of time building this routine with her students. It was like clock work watching her students do what they were supposed to be doing. When the bell went off, the students knew that meant it was time to clean up and switch areas. I definitely know that this was a positive community atmosphere. The students all had low voices and were collaborating with one another when they needed help so that way the teacher would not be interrupted during her small group time. The teacher created this in her classroom to insure that all of her students feel comfortable and supported as they grow in becoming independent readers. The word that kept popping up in my head while the students were all working like they were supposed to was â€Å"self-regulated†. This allowed the learning in the areas of Reading and Writing and also allowing her to assume a facilitators role during their experiential learning opportunities. In the mix of all the things I was learning, I noticed the teachers focusing more on positive behavior rather then only the students misbehaving. During a kindergartens whole group learning time, they were all sitting on the carpet together next to the teacher. They were working on sounding out sentences that the teacher had written out. I kept hearing, â€Å"I like the way _______ is sitting criss-cross applesauce and the way _____ is not tapping their friends shoulders† etc. I remember being in the younger grades and always hearing the words: no, stop, and don’t do that. I love that way the teachers are handling the different behaviors now. I also noticed that instead of always pointing out the negative when the student is misbehaving that the teacher would just use close proximity. Several teachers I seen that day use this method. They would walk up close to the student and nicely put hand on shoulder. That student then knew ok it was time to stop and listen. I think a lot of the positive behavior I seen when observing was coming from the PBIS program that Ozark has implemented. I noticed as I left each room, by the door inside each classroom is a chart of how to act in each area of a school. All the classrooms said the same thing. I think this does a lot with eliminating the confusing that students have on how to act with whom and what is or is not expectable during certain times. I really hope to work for a district that implements this support program. I see the effects of it being more positive then anything else I have ever observed. In visiting a lot of different classrooms that day I really loved the third grade class I got to observe the most. It was so fun to see the kids actively engaged in what they were learning. The class was participating in learning the parts of a letter. Before all the students came to the carpet for instruction they had the chance to get their wiggles out. The teacher played the best Youtube video that had Sid in it from Ice Age. He was doing the Sid Slide. It was a 2-3 minute video playing music to where the students had to dance out to. It was so fun to watch them really get in the groove and let out some energy. This was very useful because as the students went to the carpet for instruction they were not as wiggly as they would have been without having the time to let it all out. During the instruction carpet time the students were engaged in learning the part of a letter by standing up using their bodies to form a letter. This was a way for the students to be active and have a device to remember the parts. It turned into a game between the teacher and the students. She would say â€Å"date† and they would grab their head, and then say â€Å"signature† and they would touch their feet and so on. Not only were they being active and learning it but each part of a letter was listed on the anchor chart being used on the board. I think after the students went back to their seats it would have been a good time for the teacher to give the students 30-60 seconds to re-teach to a shoulder partner what they learned. This would have gone along with cooperative teaching and given the students a chance to recap what they just learned. The teacher then could have gone around and listened to hear some of the things the students were saying to their partner and used that time as an evaluation. The students did not care that we were in the classroom at all. I do not even think they knew we were there; they were so focused and engaged. I gained a lot of knowledge and ideas during the short time we were observing. I would really like to go back again. I know when I have my own classroom I will have to develop a structured and fluid reading model that will maintain productivity while I meet with students in small groups for guided reading. I also now see the importance of the details of scaffolding necessary to turn emergent readers into fluent readers. Above all, I learned that my student’s overall well-being will be of the greatest consideration in the planning and performance of precise and engaging learning activities. These teachers have mastered what works and I can not wait to execute all these ideas and activities.